Bitter melon seeds, leaves, berries, and fruit peels (Singh et al., 2011) has about 228 components. It is rich in vitamins A, B1, B2, B9, C, and E and minerals such as calcium, potassium, zinc, magnesium, phosphorus, and iron. It has abundant bioactive substances, including anthraquinones, essential oil, saponin, triterpenes, alkaloids, and momordicine (Joseph and Jini, 2013; Kenny et al., 2013; Liu et al., 2009). Blood glucose regulation is linked to the following substances: charantin (a mixture of steroidal saponins), polypeptide-p, vicine, and momordin analogs (e.g., momordinol, momordicilin, momorcharin, and momordicin). Polypeptide-p is an insulin-like protein also called p- insulin or v-insulin (Oliveira et al., 2018). Their fasting blood glucose levels decrease (Habicht et al., 2014; Krawinkel and Keding, 2006) when purified polypeptide-p extracted from bitter melon is injected subcutaneously in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Glucose clearance increases when terpene-based substances in bitter melon, momodicoside S and momodicoside T, are parenterally administered to healthy mice. Another substance in bitter melon, trehal, suppresses α-glucosidase activities by 40% (Khatib et al., 2017).